Traveling Exhibition · Ongoing · Est. New York

Monstrous Dreams:
Yōkai of Japan

妖怪の夢

Western monsters are threats to be defeated or tragedies to be mourned. Yōkai are something else entirely — manifestations of instability within order itself.

200+
Paintings
5
Countries
30
Years in Japan
Ongoing
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A thirty-year conversation with Japan's ecology of the monstrous

For most of my life I have been drawn to monsters — not as simple embodiments of fear, but as figures that disturb categorical certainty. My childhood fascination with Gothic cinema gave me a Western vocabulary of the uncanny: vampires, werewolves, stitched-together corpses animated by electricity. These creatures were moralized and narratively contained.

When I began living in Japan, I encountered an entirely different ecology of the monstrous. Yōkai were neither strictly evil nor wholly supernatural in the Western theological sense. They were ambiguous presences — sometimes mischievous, sometimes dangerous, sometimes explanatory, sometimes inexplicable. They blurred distinctions between human and nonhuman, animate and inanimate, material and immaterial. It was this elasticity that resonated with me most deeply.

Monstrous Dreams grew from sustained engagement with this instability. The project did not begin as an academic exercise. I had been creating monsters long before consciously engaging with Japanese traditions. Over decades of immersion in Japanese culture, visual language, and aesthetic systems, my work began to converge with yōkai — not as subjects to be copied, but as conceptual frameworks through which transformation itself could be explored.

There is no singular "original" yōkai form to which I could return. What exists instead is a lineage of reinterpretation — from Edo-period illustrated compendia to contemporary manga. By entering into this lineage, I participate in its historical logic. My paintings are neither traditional Japanese works nor Western appropriations of exotic subject matter. They are hybrid translations shaped by lived experience.

"For me, this series is about more than depicting monsters. It's about exploring a part of Japan's cultural heritage that resonates with universal human themes — fear, curiosity, mystery — and interpreting it through a Western lens. Each yōkai holds a different facet of myth, legend, or human emotion, and there's a kind of endless inspiration in that."

— Adam Cooley

  • 01
    Uncovered Through Abrasion

    Each painting is built through successive layers of acrylic and wax — painted, sanded, and repainted sometimes dozens of times. The yōkai are not drafted and then rendered; they are uncovered through abrasion. Sanding removes certainty. Repainting reintroduces ambiguity.

  • 02
    Surface as Palimpsest

    Fragments of earlier forms remain embedded beneath subsequent layers. The stratified surface of each painting parallels the structure of folklore itself — each version carrying traces of those that preceded it.

  • 03
    Woodblock & Lacquerware Reference

    Color gradations and border structures evoke the ukiyo-e woodblock tradition. A layering and sanding method mirrors the meticulous process of Japanese urushi lacquerwork, building depth across the surface.

  • 04
    The Studio as Threshold

    Much of this work was produced in basements and repurposed warehouses in industrial Osaka — transitional environments neither fully public nor entirely private. Descending into those spaces became a preparatory act. The repetition of layering and sanding took on a ritual rhythm.

  • 05
    Serial Viewing

    Recurring motifs across the series — dark framing borders, atmospheric fields, restrained palettes, symmetrical compositions — establish coherence across hundreds of works. When exhibited together, recognition unfolds gradually. The uncanny becomes inhabitable rather than resolved.

I do not seek to fix them.
I seek to keep them in motion.

An international
traveling exhibition

Ongoing
New York

Debut Exhibition

New York

Extended twice — on view for over one year

Kobe, Japan

Solo Exhibition

Kobe, Japan

Osaka, Japan

Solo Exhibition

Osaka, Japan

University of Hyogo, Japan

Monsters Re-Visited: The Fantastic Creatures of Japan

University of Hyogo, Japan

Two-day international symposium devoted to yōkai and Cooley's work

Bucharest, Romania

Solo Exhibition

American Romanian University, Bucharest

April 6–18, 2026

Monstrous Dreams: Yōkai of Japan — Duke University

Brown Gallery, Bryan Center · Durham, NC

Over 100 paintings from the series

Jan – Mar 2027

West Coast Tour Upcoming

California

Three-month exhibition — details forthcoming

A growing catalogue of Japan's supernatural world

Each of the 200+ paintings in this series depicts a distinct yōkai from Japanese folklore. There is no singular "original" yōkai form — what exists is a lineage of reinterpretation stretching from Edo-period illustrated compendia to the present. This catalogue grows alongside that tradition. Works are available for institutional acquisition and private collection.

All works: acrylic and wax on wood panel · 12 × 12 in. or 11 × 14 in.

Yōkai resist fixed categorization. These works are presented without imposed taxonomy.

鬼 · Oni
鬼 · Oni
The Horned Demon
河童 · Kappa
河童 · Kappa
River Child
天狗 · Tengu
天狗 · Tengu
Heavenly Dog
狐 · Kitsune
狐 · Kitsune
The Fox Spirit
雪女 · Yuki-onna
雪女 · Yuki-onna
Snow Woman
提灯お化け · Chōchin-obake
提灯お化け · Chōchin-obake
The Lantern Ghost
鬼女 · Kijo
鬼女 · Kijo
Demon Woman
狸 · Tanuki
狸 · Tanuki
The Raccoon Dog

Showing 8 of 200+ works in this series

View Full Catalogue

Critical writing & academic work

Academic Essay

Transforming and Translating Monsters: Adam Cooley and the Art of Yōkai in the Interregnum

Kathryn M. Tanaka · University of Hyogo · Romanian Economic and Business Review, Summer 2026

A scholarly analysis of the Monstrous Dreams series drawing on documented yōkai scholarship and an extended interview with Cooley, examining how the paintings translate and reinterpret Japan's supernatural tradition across cultural boundaries.

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Academic Essay

Translating the Uncanny: Yōkai, Ritual Process, and Transcultural Vision

Adam Cooley · Romanian Economic and Business Review, Summer 2026

Cooley's own scholarly reflection on the Monstrous Dreams series — examining yōkai as cultural process, liminality, and what it means to translate beings defined by change.

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Exhibition Catalogue

Monstrous Dreams: Duke University Exhibition Catalogue

Brown Gallery, Duke University · April 2026

Exhibition catalogue accompanying the Duke University presentation, featuring essays, full-color plates, and a complete exhibition checklist.

Download PDF →
Press

The Passion of Adam Cooley

Tokyo Art Beat · February 2019

Studio interview conducted in Cooley's Osaka workspace, documenting the layering and sanding process at the heart of the Monstrous Dreams series.

Read interview →
Press Release

International Solo Exhibition Opens at Duke University

March 2026

Official press release for the Brown Gallery exhibition at Duke University, Durham, NC. April 6–18, 2026. Over 100 paintings from the 200-piece series.

Request release →

Interested in hosting
this exhibition?

Monstrous Dreams: Yōkai of Japan is an ongoing traveling exhibition available for institutional presentation worldwide. Inquiries from galleries, universities, and museums are welcome.

Curatorial Enquiry Download Press Kit